Letting a baby cry at night will not harm them anymore than letting them cry during the day. Babies scream at night a lot because they want you to hold them and rock them to sleep; but you can't do that all their lives, can you? Letting a child go to sleep on their own is a way of teaching them to comfort themselves; a skill they will NEED eventually.
Teaching your child how to comfort himself to sleep can be a great help to children who cry at night because they can then manage to get back to sleep on their own.